《JVC-MXJD8-cs-sm 维修电路原理图.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《JVC-MXJD8-cs-sm 维修电路原理图.pdf(16页珍藏版)》请在收音机爱好者资料库上搜索。
1、SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMSMX- JD8Contents Block diagramStandard schematic diagramsPrinted circuit boards2- 12- 22- 9 to 12CD- ROM No.SML200407COMPACT COMPONENT SYSTEMNo.MB282SCH2004/7COPYRIGHT 2004 Victor Company of Japan, Limited.Area suffixUS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SingaporeUW - -
2、 - - - - - - - - - Brazil,Mexico,PeruUX - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saudi ArabiaUN - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - AseanCA- MXJD8RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库In regard with component parts appearing on the silk- screen printed side (parts side) of the PWB diagrams, th
3、e parts that are printed over with black such as the resistor ( ), diode ( ) and ICP ( ) or identified by the mark nearby are critical for safety. (This regulation does not correspond to J and C version.)RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库2-1Block diagramIC201DRVERIC301DV2.2IC505 SDRAMIC509FLASH ROMDVD pickupme
4、chanismCN101A, B, C, D, E, F, RF+, PD(CD), PD(DVD)F+/-T+/-FM+/-WOUTVOUTUOUTCOMLD(CD)LD(DVD)FAOUTL, FAOUTRRAOUTL, RAOUTRCAOUT, SWAOUTQ101toQ104S2UDT, U2SDT,SCLK, SCS, CPURSTUCS, LRMUTEEXADT0 to 15, EXADR16 to 20NEXWE, /FL_RSTMA0 to 10BA0, BA1MDQ0 to 31DQM0 to 3NCSM, NRASNCAS, NWEMCKX35127MHzDVD trave
5、rsemechanismCN201LPCO1, LPCO2CDLDCURDVDLDCURSPDRV, TRSDRVFODRV, TRDRV/DRVMUTE/SPMUTEFG, VHALF TRVSWCN504CN502IC701 to IC703DACAOUT 0 to 2, BCK, PCMCLKLRCLK, DACPDN, DAC0CSDAC1CS, DAC2CS, DCLK, DDATADVD control sectionIC2705.6V MICOMREG.IC260MOTOR9V REG.IC250DVD5V REG.CN213S4HS4LIC2909V REG.DC regula
6、tor sectionQ190 to Q194H/P MUTESPEAKERTERMINALJ81MAINLOUTMAINROUTSWLOUTSWROUTCN105Q181FANDRIVERTO FANCN106RY160RY170FAN+/-STATUSCN214CN206FANCONTROLHPMUTEAudio output section(Main / Sub woofer output)T001POWERTRANS.S500VOLTAGESELECTORSWITCHCN250AC INQ201037V REG.CN101CN119D2010 to D2013DIODE BRIDGEF
7、L1FL237VS4HS1S1S2S4LPrimary sectionIC920DISPLAYMICOMFL910FL DISPLAYFLLATBCN890KEY1S920POWER SWFW241FL1FL237VJS920MAIN VOLMEVOL+/-IC900BUFFERFLDATAFLCLKFLBKDI,BKCLKBD925STANDBY LEDREMINSTBYLEDIC930REMOCONFL display sectionIC970ECHO MIXKEY1 to 33ECHO1ECHO2/AUXRD933 to D938SOURCE LEDCN870FW116J995HEADP
8、HONEJACKJ970MIC JACKJ971MIC JACK / AUX JACKS939 to S955S960 to S967SWITCH KEYIC971MIC AMP.SBLED, AUXLED, TUNERLEDDVDLED, TAPEALED, TAPEBLEDMIC/AUXL, ECHO2/AUXRExcept for UWHPLHPRUser control keysMicrophone circuit sectionD211 to D214DIODE BRIDGED201 to D204DIODE BRIDGEVH,-VHFW109VL,-VLCN203CN202IC23
9、0FAN12V REG.FAN12VSURR L/R OUTCENTER OUTJ120S2S1S4HS4HS4LAudio output section(Surround / Center output)CrCbYVYCCOMPONENTVIDEO OUTJ1020S-VIDEOCOMPOSITEVIDEO OUTJ1010IC100VIDEODRIVERCr_OUTCb_OUTCYY-OUTC-OUTCN420VMUTE1VMUTE2INT/PROGS1001NTSC/PALSWITCHNTSC/PALVideo output sectionIC602,IC701POWER AMP.CN2
10、04CN212FW208MAINLMAINRSWINSWFBPRTAmplifiersectionAMFMCN1TunerCN524EEDATAEECLKSPDIFIC460VOLUMEX801OSCJ454AUX INQ585 to Q587SYSTEMMUTEIC801EEPROMCN880TUL, TURJ812CN410CN860TUCLK,TUCETUDATA,SDATAIC810SYSTEMMICOMCN216Q806SBLED, AUXLED,TUNERLEDDVDLED,TAPEALED,TAPEBLEDKEY1 to 3,ECHO1, ECHO2/AUXRAVCFLBK, F
11、LDATA, FLCLK,FLLATB,REMINKEY4,SBYLED, VOL+, VOL-,FLLEDCOMPUAV LINKJ814OPTICALOUTPUTVOLDAVOLCLKVOLCE1IC550,IC551Q550 to Q552AHB CONTROLIC530IC531INPUTAMPQ520, Q521MIC MUTEExcept for UWSMUTEMICCN522CN21PBLPBRCY, CbOUT, CrOUTCOUT, YOUTVMUTE1, VMUTE2INT/PRG, NTSC/PALU2SDTSCLKUCSS2UDT,U2SDTSCLK,SCSUCS,CP
12、URSTFAOUTL+FAOUTR+SPDIFIC480SOUNDBOOSTERQ410, Q420Q421LR MUTELRMUTEAUXLAUXRS.BOOSTERFLFRExternal input / Source selector switchSystem control sectionL+, L,R+, RQ360,Q362 to Q366HEAD SWITCHQ307, Q309MOTORDRIVEQ310, Q311SOLENOIDDRIVE AIC300MECHAMICOMCN303RPMECHAHEADCN301Q312, Q313SOLENOIDDRIVE BPLAYBA
13、CKHEADCN302L+, R+PBL,PBRRECL,RECRRECHSOLASOLBMOTORMTR+,SOL A,SOL BSLCKEY1, SLCKEY2, END SW1, END SW2A/B, RMUTEPBMUTETape mechanism sectionAUXL, AUXRAVCI,AVCOCassettemechanismCN503CN523DAC1OUTtoDAC5OUTCN501CN531IC815BUFF.S2UDTSCSCPURSTLRMUTEIC400,IC401 LPF &PRE-AMPRECLRECRIC500VOLUMEIC510VIRTUALSURRO
14、UNDDSPDATADSPCLKDSPCERECLRECRIC521MICMIXRECLRECRSWINCINMIC_MUTEIC575SWITCHIC580HPFMAINLMAINRIC590VOLUMECN217CSURLSURRSLINSRINCN218/CN219CN11DVDMECHANISMIC410DRIVEROPENDETCLOSEDETLM+LM-OPENCLOSE DVD5VMOTOR 9V5.6V MICOMIC280SLC12VREG.SLC12V9V REG.FW207IC121SURROUNDPOWER AMP.SWFBPRTF.SPEEDSRELAYMAIN L/
15、R OUTSUB WOOFERL/R OUTSPEAKERTERMINALCN211F.SPEEDSRELAYCN201SRELAYFANSPEEDIC512,IC513ADDRESSLATCHLADD0 to LADD15EXADT0 to 15IC506NEXCENEXOE/CE/OEIC704ADCAINL, AINRAINRY240RY241TXVOLDATAVOLCLKVOLCE2VOLDATAVOLCLKVOLCE3P1 to P37G1 to G11CN810FLLEDCN820D926LEDSLOUTSROUTCOUTExcept for UWAUXLAUXRUW onlyCN
16、454FW444AUXLAUXRAUXLAUXRUW only2-2SHEET 1Parts are safety assurance parts.When replacing those parts makesure to use the specified one.Standard schematic diagramsPrimary board with main transformer section(SHEET 2)(SHEET 4)!CN250R2014C2018C2017F103Q2011C2019D2010T001C2015C2010D2016D2015D2020F104R201
17、0Q2010F102D2012D2013D2011F101F001F003S500CN119R2013CN101D2018D2017R2011R2012C2012C2013C2014C2011D2019QGA7901F2-020.330.10.1T2AL2SC2785/FE/-T0.0221N5402M-2010/251N4003S-T5MTZJ6.8B-T2T3.15AL4.7KTC2026/OY/T6.3AL1N5402M-201N5402M-201N5402M-20T6.3ALQSW0812-001QGA3901C1-08100KQGD2501C1-03MTZJ20B-T215K100K
18、22/5022/500.0147/100MTZJ18B-T2S1S4LFL1FL2CTS1S2S4HCTS4S237V2-3SHEET 2Parts are safety assurance parts.When replacing those parts makesure to use the specified one.DC regulator / Audio output section(SHEET 3)(SHEET 3)(SHEET 1)(SHEET 3)(SHEET 3)(SHEET 4)!R675Q601C622C605R676C609R607IC290R615C621CN106I
19、C602IC280C606IC230R602R102R668R608R616R195CN203CN206Q125CN204FW208J120R172R171R162R161IC250CN215CN201R238R248IC260C165C175C164C174R234RY170RY160Q195C610C602Q602C601Q612C639R684EP201Q190Q192Q175Q191Q193Q194R190R191R192R193R167R177R725R726C250Q230D622CN202CN212CN214R235D212D213D211D214R170D201D203D204
20、D202R160IC701C705C706D704D703Q710Q713Q711R786R778D726IC121C722C721R708R762R761R707R716R715Q126Q681R105R106C709C731C730C710C739Q702R728Q728Q726R739R740B6084D231B6082Q181R182IC270R686R687C682R103R681Q725R743CN205Q221C738Q222Q223R226R224R104C226R775D222R793R246R792R169R168R179R178R107R108R109R237R236D1
21、02D103D104R136R133R132R140R129R123C123R128C122R121C126R125C125C149C130C135C140D125R247C241C242C243C231C232C233R137C603R603C604R604C607R613R605C291C613C615L601R652R654C612C623C624R666R601R674R617R619R621R606R614R623R620R618R667C212D280CN213C280C222C281C163C173Q176C162C172D170D160C211C614C616D620D619C
22、608C611L602C213Q613R230R682R110Q240R165R166R175R176D162D161D172D171R232R233FW109D180C221R217C214C203J81R218C215R215C205C202R216C204C201R741R723R724R742R774R766D723D724C180R753R754Q712R787R777R768R769R704R703C711C712C703R717R718R714R713R705R706R722R720R719R721FW207D681R702R701C713C715C714C716C707C708
23、D720D719L701L702Q701C260C261R730R727R729C726C729D728Q727D260R180D250C271C251R181D271D270R271CN105R683R685R650C681B6255D240R744R656R222R221R223R225R227C225C723C270D221Q127D290C290C146R111R157R135R131R156R142R141R146R134R144R148R150R139R155R127D123C124R154R130R152R151R124R112R122C144C129R153R126C128C1
24、31C145C147C142C143C148C134C141C121R138C139D122R143C133C138C136D121D124L123L122L121RY240RY241D241R2401K10/35V220P1K10P56KKIA7809API1010/35VQGD2503F1-03STK432-070KIA7812API220PKIA317PI10010K56K102.2KQGB2510J1-14QGB2510K1-11KTC3199/GL/-TQGB2510K1-12QUM158-15DGZ4QNN0601-001PQ05RD21QGB2510K1-12QGB2510J1-
25、09KIA7809APIKRC102M-T270QSK0109-001QSK0109-001KTC3199/GL/-T10P0.0220.022KTA1267/YG/-T1/5010KQNZ0136-001Z2SC3576-JVC-T2SC3576-JVC-TKTA1267/YG/-T2SC3576-JVC-T2SC3576-JVC-TKRA111M-T4.7K4.7K4.7K4.7K47047082K100KKTC3199/GL/-T0.33KRC102M-TMTZJ9.1B-T2QGB2510J1-09QGB2510K2-09QGB2510J1-1210220P220PKTA1023/OY
26、/-TKTC1027/OY/-TKTC3200/GL/-T10K10K10/3510/3556K1K1K56K1010KTC3199/GL/-T2SK301/PQ/-T10K4.7P0.0220.0224.7P1/5010K82K100KMTZJ13B-T2KTC3203/OY/-T1KKIA7805API3.9K1M0.08215K10KQGB2510J1-12KTA1046/Y/10/50KTC3199/GL/-TKTC3199/GL/-T2.7K680220P/501K2A02M82K82K2.7K2.7K3.3K3.3K3.3K1056K1010056K1k220P101/501k1/
27、501k220P1/5010P10P10P0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00156KKTC3199/GL/-T220P47K220P47K47/63101.2K10/500.0470.0470.390.220.22100/5010/5010/5033K100102202.2K47K1.2K1047K2.2K22010K0.01/100MTZJ15B-T2QGB2510K1-1410/508200/1610/500.01/1000.0470.04747/63100/500.39KTC3199/GL/-T0.1/250KRC102M-T4R720K100K2.4K2.4KQ
28、JK015-082904MTZJ5.1B-T28200/25100K2200/500.1/250QNB0171-001100K2200/50100K0.01/250100K0.01/250MTZJ15B-T2MTZJ15B-T26.8K6.8K6.8K6.8K1033KMTZJ36B-T2MTZJ36B-T247/250.220.22KTA1268/GL/-T10K10K100K2.2K56K56K0.10.1470P1K1K101082082047K5.6K5.6K47K10KQUM155-15DGZ4MTZJ2.4B-T247470.10.10.10.147/6347/630.390.39
29、KTC3199/GL/-TKTC3199/GL/-T10/50220/1610K100K100K10/5047/16KTA1267/YG/-TKTC3199/GL/-TKTC3199/GL/-TMTZJ11B-T24.7KMTZJ5.6C-T210/50470/2510KMTZJ6.8C-T21KQGA2501F1-0347K4.7M0.220.22/50KTA1267/YG/-T100K0.221K1K1K4.7K6800.01/50100/1010/50MTZJ5.6C-T2KTC3199/GL/-TMTZJ11B-T210/50220P100K1K101047K10033k0.22680
30、18K0.220.22101K101/5018K6801K18K56k100K56k10/500.04747K56k0.04747/63100/50220P100/5010/50220P0.04747/63220P6800.04747K0.0470.04747/63MTZ59.1B-T2MTZJ9.1B-T20.390.390.39QSK0109-001QSK0109-0012.2KSWINMAINLGNDS4HSWLOUTMAINRGNDSWLGNDS2DCIMPSLC12VFANSPEEDSRELAYCOUTSWGNDMAINLSRINS4CTSWRGNDPOUTSWROUTPRTS1MA
31、INROUTFAN12VVLSLINSWLOUTSLC12VS2S1SROUTSLOUTMAINROUTMAINLOUTMAINLOUTMGND-VLDCCINVLCGNDIMPSRGNDSWROUTSURRMAINRGNDSWRGND-VHPOUTHPMUTEM9VVHSWLGND-VHFAN12VFAN12VDVDPONS5V5.6MICONPGNDMAINLGNDS5VDCOUTDET5.6MICON9VMGNDOUTDET9VMRELAYM9VDVDPONPGND-VLVLPGNDVHFANCONTROLSTATUS2-4SHEET 3Parts are safety assuranc
32、e parts.When replacing those parts makesure to use the specified one.External input / Source selector switch / System control section(SHEET 7)(SHEET 7)(SHEET 7)(SHEET 7)(SHEET 5)To DVD mechanism(SHEET 2)(SHEET 2)(SHEET 2)(SHEET 2)(SHEET 4)(SHEET 4)(SHEET 4)!R809C402CN531C403R417CN522R419R830R808R420
33、CN211CN216C400C409C401R418C424IC420R593R599R598R888R891R856J812D862R416D420CN800C439CN410CN21R421CN860R423CN880CN524R401R402C404B4016B4017R430R431R403C507R432Q417B4013Q415C434R424B4012R574C435C415IC414Q880B4042C595R521B4117C870CN219D444R455C441C529R454D807C408C405R882C418C416C417Q423Q521R581D375D374
34、R453Q422R471C438R582R452Q421C437R451Q420C436IC801R525R886C377R545C375R551R533R409C378R411R887R412R552C376C528R379R380J814R544Q576C544R542C541C540C542R543C556Q552C551C813R557C554C552R559R560C558R565R569C557R570R377R597R595C810Q593R806R531R524R596C532D510R378C533R530C373R464C521R585C586R322CN217CN218R
35、586R554K400C419IC815D815L812C815B4046Q856Q592K401IC410C581C576C578R578R580C582C583R546R519L813R807J454C506IC460CN11IC810D806R467R469Q424R472R474R860R880R845R844R895X801R859R858C808R875C809R857R889R892R900D803Q802C801R800C800D804Q801R854D802R853R851R852R850R849R848R881R890R893R905R894R897R898R899CN52
36、3IC400R868R885R422X510R869R508IC521C421R410R415C525IC551R462R510Q590Q591C514R509C420R865R414R465R433B4038B4102IC480IC401C484L400R425Q416R426D415C485Q414C482D414IC500C445C410R590R522C486C487C488R536R870C414D808R473C450R478C449R883C412C492D864IC510Q575R470C496C448R468C447C501R466C446R494C493C512C538C4
37、91R520C526Q520C527C463C380C454C539IC531R408R538R537R515C500C499R413C455R406R405C489R576IC520R539R541C490R549R491R547R548C543R540C536C545C537D531C814D530C560D550R561C553R562C555IC590R556R558Q551R572C518R563R564R566R567R495D551R568C559R490R804C517R571C550IC550R493Q550C497C498C480R492R496R497C481R498R5
38、73C516C575IC575C379R517Q585Q586R575R819D455Q806C510D454Q480R825R502R500R503C590R523R527R528R529R526R516R812C456R834R373R374C374C584R512R501R583R513C585R511R588R584C593C502R504R553C508C333C812R321R489R550C587R587R589R555C856IC580C580C579R577R579C577R535R534C534R514R518Q587C515C511C513C524C535C504C594
39、C591R594C505R591C503R506R505C479R483R481IC530C461R482R480C478C463C525C465C467C471C523C522C462C519C464C466C470C472C469D410C474C476C473C411C475C477R487R486R488R484R485K402C460C413R592C592R507R884R801R876R879R878R877Q410R903R866R874R867R873C811R843C468R841R861R862R842R829R832R840R835R864R863R820R818R81
40、6R839R838R837R836R846R901R822R824R827R828R814R907R831C806C805D809R805C807C804R803C803D805R802C802D801R833R896R908R906R902R847R904R826R815R817R813R811R821R823R871R872R810100K10/50QGF1036C1-0810/5010KQGF1036C1-0910K10K100K10KQGB2510K1-09QGB2510J1-1110/35100P10/3510K0.022PQ033EF02SZ1K10K10K1K1K1KQNS008
41、9-00110KMTZJ3.9B-T2QGF1205F1-0710/25QGF1205C1-12QGF1205C1-1110KQGF1205C1-1710KQGF1205C1-12QGF1036C1-151110/354.747K1.2K470p33KUN2115-XUN2213-X10/3547K10K10/350.01KTC3200/GL/-T2SD601A/RS/-X470p47K47/50QGD2504C1-03Z1N4003S-T51K10/25270P1K100P10/50100K0.12700p2700p2SD1328/ST/-X2SD1328/ST/-X100K1N4003S-
42、T51K2SD1328/ST/-X10k10/25100K1K2SD1328/ST/-X10/351K2SD1328/ST/-X10/35BRA24L01AF-W10K1K470/10220k220p18k10K1.2K0.0221.2K1K1.2K18k220p2.2/501K1KGP1FA553TZ22KUN2213-X0.1100K470p4.7/504.7/5022K47/162SD601A/RS/-X0.082220p2.0K47/160.111k22k100p51k47k47/1647k1K10K10K0.012SD1328/ST/-X22010K10K10K47/251SS119
43、-041-T21K47/2510K1000P1K470p10K100/101KQGD2504C1-05ZQGD2504C1-04Z10K10KQQR1183-001Z470/16SN74AHCT08NS-X2.2uH10/50UN2113-X2SD1328/ST/-XQQR1183-001ZLB164110p0.0330.03324K75k10/3510/35220k1M2.2uH470QNN0420-0014.7/50LC75342M-XQGF1036C1-05UPD78F4218AGF10k10k2SD1328/ST/-X10k10k1K1k1K1K1KQAX0724-001Z1K1K27
44、P1K30P1K1K1K4.7K1SS244-T2UN2211-X4.7/501K100/6.3MTZJ4.3B-T2UN2115-X1K10K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K100QGF1036C1-17NJM4546M-WE10K1K10KQAX0768-001Z10KNJM4546M-WE10/505.6K4.7K0.022NJM4546M-WE82k3.9K2SD1328/ST/-X2SD1328/ST/-X0.02210/501K4.7K1K22KJCV8011-XNJM4546M-WE10/50QQL231K-2R2Y22KUN2213-X22KMTZJ5.6B-T
45、210/50KTC3199/GL/-T47/25MTZJ7.5B-T2LC75341M-X1/50100/101K6.8K10/504.7/504.7/5030K10k0.011N4003S-T510K47p10K47p470.110/50BU9262AFS-XUN2213-X10K47/2547p10K0.00110/5010K0.0016.2K10/250.1/500.0474.7/501K10/50UN2113-X0.06882k0.001220p100/10NJM4546M-WE2.2K270K30K1K2.2/500.0276.8K220P2.2K2.2K10/5010KNJM454
46、6M-WE100K220K10/508.2K4.7K56K1K0.015100K0.00820.0270.22100/6.347/5022k0.11001/50LC75341M-X22k5.1K2SD601A/RS/-X7.5K0.01100220k180k100k6.2K100k2.2/5010K10K2200p2700.039NJM4546M-WE10K2SD601A/RS/-X10/2510/250.47/50V4.7K4.7K5.6K0.22/50100K0.147/16CD4066BM-X0.0011KUN2113-X2SD1328/ST/-X22K4.7KUN2211-X0.1KT
47、C3199/GL/-T10K100470K2.2M0.1/5047K10K10K10K10K1K1K2200p1K100k100k0.0110/353.9K470K22K10/3522K15K0.1/500.1/5015K1.3K330/10100/10220p1K10K82k10/5022015K120K10/50NJM4546M-WE10p0.03324K75k0.0333.3k3.3k4.7/501M1K2SD1328/ST/-X100/1047/160.1/500.014.7/50100/161/501/501K4.7/501K1/501K1K100/1620K15KNJM4546M-
48、WE470p20K15K470p2.2/500.0110/5010/5010/502200p12.2/500.0110/5010/5010/502700p10/50MTZJ5.6A-T20.10.12700p0.010.10.11K1K1K3.6K3.6KQQR1183-001Z470p470/101K100/161K1K1K1K1K1K1KUN2113-X1K1K1K1K1K0.0221K10/501K1k1k1K1001k1K1k1k1K1K1k1k1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1K1001220/6.33300.01470/6.31K0.222.2K0.221SS244-T
49、210K10K10K10K10K10K10K10K1K1K1K1K4.7K10K1K1K1KU2SDTENDSW2RAOUTRCYCbOUTCrOUTFAOUTL+CAOUT12VFAOUTR+YOUTVGNDLRMUTESPDIFCOUTS2UDTFRENDSW1CPURSTPRTPOUTA6VDVDPONFLD4S.BOOSTERLRMUTESCSSWFBINHFAOUTL+RAOUTLCLOSEDETMOTORSWAOUTAUXLSOLBF.SPEEDSAFETYF.STATUSF.LEVELDVDGNDSURLSCLKFAOUTR+RAOUTLRAOUTRCAOUTAVCSRELAYS
50、WAOUTSRGNDLM-AUXRDVDPONSPDIFSRINCINSW5VOPENDET9VCD25VSLINF.STATUSDVDPONLM+MRELAYF.CONTROLHPMUTEPBL5.6VEEDAEECLKAVCOTUNERLEDAVCIDVDLEDTAPEALEDECHO1ECHO2HPSWREMINPRTDVDPONSURUCSTAPEBLEDRESETINHSOLARECRPBRRECLSLCKEY1SLCKEY2PBMUTERECHRMUTEA/BRECBF.SPEEDSRELAYEEDATAEECLKBASS2BASS1SW8VSMUTEUCSCMUTECLOSEOP