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1、INSTRUCTION BOOK OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS TERMALINEWATTMETER MODEL 6151A Copyright 1997 by Bird Electronic Corporation Instruction Book Part Number 920-6151A Revision A Termalineand Thrulineare Registered Trademarks of Bird Electronic Corporation Electronic Corporation Cleveland (Solon) Ohio USA Radio
2、Fans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 Safety Precautions The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publication. These precautions must be thoroughly understood, and apply to all
3、 phases of operation and maintenance. Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating personnel must at all times observe general safety precautions. Do not replace components inside equipment with the high voltage supply turned on. To avoid casualties, always remove power. Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone Und
4、er no circumstances should any person reach into an enclosure for the purpose of service or adjustment of equipment except in the presence of someone who is capable of rendering aid. Safety Earth Ground An uninterruptible earth ground must be supplied from the main power source to test instruments.
5、Grounding one conductor of a two conductor power cable is not sufficient protection. Serious injury or death can occur if this grounding is not properly supplied. Shock Hazard Do not attempt to disconnect an RF transmission line while RF power is present. Radiated RF power is a potential health haza
6、rd. Resuscitation Personnel working with or near high voltages should be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation. Safety Symbols WARNING Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if not performed correctly, could result in personal injury. CAUTION Caution notes call attention to a pro
7、cedure which, if not correctly performed, could result in damage to the instrument. This safety symbol appears on the the equipment indicating there is important information in the instruction manual regarding that particular area. +Note: Calls attention to supplemental information. 6151A Warning St
8、atements The following safety warnings appear in the text where there is danger to operating and maintenance personnel and are repeated here for emphasis. i RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 WARNING Exposure to RF power radiation and the possibility of RF shock or burns exists with some operating conditions.
9、Always be sure to turn off transmitter when connecting or disconnecting wattmeter. When Plug-In Element is removed from the RF line socket, the line section center conductor is exposed. Do not put fingers or other objects into this Plug-In Element socket while RF power is applied. WARNING Do not att
10、empt to operate the Termaline Wattmeter for prolonged periods at higher than read load levels. Damage to the equipment and injury to operator may result. WARNING Never attempt to disconnect any RF equipment from the transmission line while RF power is being applied. Leaking RF energy is a potential
11、health hazard. 6151A Caution Statements The following equipment cautions appear in the text whenever the equipment is in danger of damage and are repeated here for emphasis. CAUTION Do not drop the instrument or Plug-In Elements as damage to the meter could result or impair the accuracy of the eleme
12、nts. CAUTION If other than Female N type connectors are used, limit power and frequency to the capabilities of the RF coaxial cable or connectors used. Damage to connectors or errors in reading could result. CAUTION Do not replace coolant with anything but the specified fluid. The inner shell of the
13、 resistor housing is contoured to the dielectric properties of this fluid. The use of any other type of coolant will affect the electrical performance of the load. ii Safety Statements USAGE ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENTS SAFETY PR
14、OTECTION. USO EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIN DE SEGURIDAD DEL IN- STRUMENTO. BENUTZUNG WIRD DAS GERT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERTESICHERHEIT BEEINTRCHTIGT WER- DEN. UTILISATION TOUTE UTILIS
15、ATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI NEST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRVUE PAR LE FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PRO- TECTION DE LINSTRUMENT. IMPIEGO QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA. SERVIC
16、E SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE-TRAINED PERSON- NEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO. SERVICIO LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO EXCLUSIVO DEL PER- SONAL DE SERVICIO CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE DESCAR-
17、GAS ELCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGN SERVICIO A MENOS QUE EST CAPACITADO PARA HACERIO. WARTUNG ANWEISUNGEN FR DIE WARTUNG DES GERTES GELTEN NUR FR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL. ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND WAR- TUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIELICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM SERVICEPER- SONAL DURCHZUFHR
18、EN. ENTRENTIEN LEMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS DENTRETIEN DOIT TRE RSERV AU PER- SONNEL FORM AUX OPRATIONS DENTRETIEN. POUR PRVENIR UN CHOC LECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS EFFECTUER DENTRETIEN SI LON NA PAS T QUALIFI POUR CE FAIRE. iii ASSISTENZA TECNICA LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALLASSISTENZA SONO PREVISTE ESCLU
19、SI- VAMENTE PER IL PERSONALE OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO. PER EVI- TARE PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE NON EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A MENO CHE QUALIFICATI A FARLA. RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT SOCKET - KEEP ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING OPERATION. DE LA TENSION H.F. PEAT TRE PRSENTE DANS LA
20、PRISE DE LLMENT H.F. - CONSERVER LLMENT DANS LA PRISE LORS DE LEMPLOI. HF-SPANNUNG KANN IN DER HF-ELEMENT-BUCHSE ANSTEHEN - ELE- MENT WHREND DES BETRIEBS EINGESTPSELT LASSEN. PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL ELEMENTO RF - MAN- TENGA EL ELEMENTO EN EL ENCHUFE DURANTE LA OPERACION. IL PORTAELE
21、MENTO RF PU PRESENTARE VOLTAGGIO RF - TENERE LELE- MENTO NELLA PRESA DURANTE IL FUNZIONAMENTO. iv About This Manual This instruction book covers the model 6151A Termaline Wattmeter. This instruction book is arranged so that essential information on safety is contained in the front of the book. Readi
22、ng the Safety Precautions Section before operating the equipment is strongly advised. The remainder of this Instruction Book is divided into Chapters and Sections. At the beginning of each chapter a general overview will be given, describing the contents of that chapter. Operation First time operato
23、rs should read Chapter 1 - Introduction, and Chapter 3 - Installation, to get an overview of equipment capabilities and how to install it. An experienced operator can refer to Chapter 4 - Operating Instructions. All instructions necessary to operate the equipment, are contained in this chapter. Main
24、tenance All personnel should be familiar with preventative maintenance found in Chapter 5 - Maintenance. If a failure should occur, the troubleshooting section will aid in isolating and repairing the failure. Parts For location of major assemblies or parts refer to the part lists and associated draw
25、ings in Chapter 5. Changes To This Manual We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate at the time of publication. If you should discover any errors or if you have suggestions for improving this manual, please send your comments to our factory. This manual may be periodically updated,
26、 when inquiring about updates to this manual refer to the part number and revision level on the title page. v Bird Model 6151A Termaline Wattmeter vi Table Of Contents Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Warning Statements. . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Caution Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Safety Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii About This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . .v Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Purpose and Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Theory of
29、 Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Travelling Waves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Coupling Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 RF Load Section. . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Latch Mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Input Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Transmitter Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. .6 Operating Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Operating Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Operators Test for Accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Zero Adjust. . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Measuring Transmitter Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Use As Dummy Antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . .9 Outside Surface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Tools Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 RF Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
35、Diaphragm and Coolant Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 vii RF Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Diaphragm and Coolant Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Sales/Repair Facility. . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Sales Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Load Resistor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Meter Portion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Low Frequency Line Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Bird Model 6151A Termaline Wattmeter viii Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose and Function The Bird Model 6151A Termaline RF Wattmeter is designed to measure RF power under non-radiating co
38、nditions. The Wattmeter is coupled to an accurate 50 ohm coaxial load resistor which becomes the transmitter load element, providing a practically reflectionless coaxial line termination up to 2.3 GHz. Power input to the load resistor is sampled by a coupler-detector type voltmeter indicating direct
39、ly in watts. The Model 6151A is intended for general field and laboratory service use on CW, AM and FM modulation envelopes, but not on pulsed modes. DescriptionThe Model 6151A Termaline Wattmeter consists of a coaxial load resistor, detector circuit, dc cable, panel meter and its housing. The load
40、portion is comprised of an RF coaxial load resistor assembly encased in a finned radiator. The detector circuit is in the Plug-in Element inserted in a short length of 50 ohm coaxial line mounted on the front of the load portion. A 2-3/4 foot (83.8 cm) coaxial cable (RG-58/U) connects the detector c
41、ircuit to the meter which is sealed and shock mounted in its housing. The detector circuit in the Plug-in Element samples the RF energy travelling toward the load, converts it to a small dc voltage for readout on the meter. The meter scale is designed to indicate power directly in watts. Specificati
42、ons Power Rating100 W continuous Power Ranges25/50/100 Determined by plug-in elements* Input Impedance50 ohms nominal Frequency Range2 to 2300 MHz Determined by plug-in elements* VSWR1.1 to 1.0 max.dc to 1 GHz 1.25 to 1.0 max. 1 to 2.3 GHz Accuracy 5% of full scale to 2.3 GHz Input ConnectorBird qui
43、ck change “QC” type Female N normally supplied. Dimensions12-27/32 L x 3-15/16 W x 6-11/32H (326 x 100 x 161 mm) Weight, Nominal8 lb (3.6 kg) FinishGrey Powder Coat *Refer to the Bird Electronic Corporation Catalog. Any Element, up to 100 watts, may be selected from Tables I, II or III of the Cata-
44、log. 1 INPUT CONNECTOR, FEMALE N, 6-11/32 3-15/16 (100mm) (100 mm) D.C. JACK (161 mm) 6-11/32 13-1/64 (331 mm) RETRACTABLE HANDLE 3-15/16 (100 mm) IN WATTS DIRECT READING METER SCALE D.C. CABLE, APPROX. 2-3/4 (83.8 cm) LONG. LATCH Figure 1 Model 6151A Outline Drawing Bird Model 6151A Termaline Wattm
45、eter 2 Chapter 2 Theory of Operation Travelling WavesThe voltage and current present on a transmission line are expressed as the sum of the voltages and currents of two waves; forward and reverse. Both waves are identical except in the direction of travel. The Model 6151A measurement concept basical
46、ly samples the voltage and current only of the wave travelling from the source to load. The forward wave travels (and its power flows) from source to the load, and has RF voltage E and current I in phase, with E/I = Zo. Note that the component wave is mathematically simple, and is completely describ
47、ed by a single figure for power; Watts = E?/R = I?R = EI. Zo is the characteristic impedance of the detector circuit and the coaxial termination, simplifying matters by being a reasonably pure resis- tance of 50 ohms. Coupling CircuitThe coupling circuit which samples the RF power from the standing
48、waves is in the Plug-In-Element. The circuitry of the element and its relationship to the other components of the Termaline are illustrated in the schematic diagram in figure 2. Energy will be produced in the coupling circuit of the element by both mutual inductance and capacitance from the travelli
49、ng waves within the line section. The inductive currents will flow according to the direction of the travelling waves producing them. The capacitive portion of these currents are independent of the direction of the travelling waves. The electrical values of the element circuits are carefully balanced and designed to be sensitive to the current produced from only the forward wave. Also, due to the practically non-reflective characteristics of the termination, almost no reflected wave will exist. RF Load SectionThe RF load resistor of the Model 6151A Wattmeter consis
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