Biddle DETEX_UG 电路图.pdf

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1、 The Measure of Excellence in Electrical Testing The industry leader since 1895, Megger offers a comprehensive line of electrical test and measurement products, from portable instruments for use in the field to fully-integrated systems for high voltage systems testing. Megger fulfills a range of req

2、uirements found in electric utility, large industrial, electrical apparatus manufacturing, military and governmental applications worldwide. PORTABLE FIELD TEST EQUIPMENT Meggers extensive product line includes its well known portable field test equipment, including the Megger family of Insulation R

3、esistance testers, which indicate the deterioration of electrical insulation; Ground Resistance Testers for installing and maintaining grounding systems; and equipment for locating faults in both power and communications cable. PRECISION TEST they are not proximity devices. Therefore, their fork or

4、hook terminals must actually touch the bare conductor being tested for at least 3 seconds to work properly. Voltage detectors are designed to operate only on systems referenced to ground. Erroneous indications will occur when testing ungrounded delta or wye systems. Correct indications by the instru

5、ments depend on their being used with the correct system. Cat. No. 514360-2, 514360-3, 514360-4, 514242-1, 514242-2, 514500-3, 514500-4 instruments (those supplied without integral poles) are showerproof. They are not waterproof and could be rendered inoperative if immersed. When using these detecto

6、rs and testers in rain or snow, care must be taken to follow all safety precautions as suggested by the manufacturer of the hot line pole being used. In particular, make sure that the hot line pole used has a wet rating at least equal to the voltage of the system under test. Also make sure that it i

7、s clean and free from imperfections, such as cracks and chips. 5 Cat. No. 514440-2, 514360-1, 514500-1, 514500-2, and 510836-1 instruments (those supplied with integral poles) should not be used in rain or snow. They do not have a wet rating. When checking for the absence of voltage, detectors and t

8、esters should be tested both before and after use to make sure they are operating properly. It is best to make this test on a live portion of the same circuit being tested. This will ensure that the sensitivity of the detector is satisfactory for the particular application. As an alternative, make t

9、he tests on another circuit of similar rating and in similar lighting conditions. Before touching or working near de-energized circuits or apparatus, make sure that they are grounded using appropriate safe grounding techniques. Conductors and cables used for grounding must be capable of handling the

10、 maximum possible current. Make sure that the nominal voltage of the apparatus under test is within the voltage range specified on the instrument. NOTE The voltage specified on voltage detectors refers to nominal system line voltage. The actual operating voltage range of the detector is the voltage

11、specified, divided by 1.73. 6 7 Section 3 Equipment Tabulation and Specifications VOLTAGE DETECTORS (For ac use only, grounded circuits only) Cat. No Type Operating Range (kV) ph-ph Style Weight lb (kg) 514242-1 Electronic 69 to 230 Spline Fitting 1.5 (0.67) 514242-2 Electronic 230 to 500 Spline Fit

12、ting 1.5 (0.67) 514360-1 Electronic 2.4 to 6.9 Telescopic Pole 34 to 51 in. (86 to 129 cm) 2.2 (0.99) 514360-2 Electronic 4.16 to 13.8 Spline Fitting 1.1 (0.50) 514360-3 Electronic 12 to 34.5 Spline Fitting 1.1 (0.50) 514360-4 Electronic 24.9 to 69 Spline Fitting 1.1 (0.50) 514440-2 LED 4.16 to 34.5

13、 Telescopic Pole 34 to 49.5 in. (86 to 126 cm) 2.1 (0.95) Detectors are supplied with vinyl carrying cases. PHASING TESTERS (For ac use only, grounded or ungrounded circuits) Cat. No Type Operating Range (kV) Style Weight lb (kg) 514500-1 Meter 1 to 7 Two Pole 4.0 (1.8) 514500-2 Meter 4 to 36 Two Po

14、le 4.7 (2.1) 514500-3 Meter 13 to 80 Spline Fitting 4.3 (1.9) 514500-4 Meter 4 to 36 Spline Fitting 4.3 (1.9) 510836-1 LED 2.1 to 36 Two Pole 3.0 (1.4) Testers are supplied with metal carrying cases. 8 ACCESSORIES Cat. No. 512117 Pneumatic Rubber Glove Tester Size: 5-1/2 in. (14 cm) high; 5 in. (12.

15、7 cm) diameter Weight: 1-1/2 lb (0.7 kg) Cat. No. 510005 Piezo Verifier Size: 7 in. (18 cm) Weight: 3/4 lb (0.34 kg) 9 Section 4 Description and Operation of the Detex Voltage Detectors PRECAUTION Be sure to read and understand Section 2, Safety, of this manual before operating the voltage detector.

16、 Even after determining that a circuit is de-energized by use of the detector, it may still carry an induced voltage, a capacitively coupled voltage, or an applied voltage lower than the operating range of the detector. The circuit under test must be grounded before being touched. ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE

17、 DETECTORS These single-pole voltage detectors are used to verify the absence of voltage in the detectors range on a line or terminal of any grounded ac electrical system. The presence of ac voltage is detected with respect to ground by making contact between the detector and the live equipment. The

18、 three-step procedure of testing the detector, testing for absence of high voltage, and testing the detector again should be strictly observed. Cat. No. 514360 and 514242 series detectors, see Figure 1, use an electronic detection circuit powered by batteries enclosed in the assembly. The presence o

19、f voltage is indicated by an audible signal sounding and by a red light-emitting diode (LED) flashing. Absence of these signals indicates that the conductor or termination under test is free of voltage above the low voltage limit of the detector. To activate the detector test system, briefly press t

20、he red TEST button. The audible signal sounds and the red LED flashes for a short time. The green LED lights for approximately two minutes indicating that the detector is operational and ready for use. The green LED extinguishes when the presence of voltage is detected as indicated by the audible si

21、gnal sounding and by the red LED flashing. Note that the Cat. No. 514242 series detectors have four red LEDs for ease of visibility. Except for the Cat. No. 514360-1 detector, which is equipped with a telescopic pole, detectors with spline fittings must be attached to a universal 10 connection on th

22、e end of the proper length hot line pole rated for the voltage of the system being tested. Figure 1: Detex Electronic Voltage Detectors GREEN LED RED LEDs TEST BUTTON SOUND INDICATOR SOUND INDICATOR ROD ATTACHMENT FITTING RED LED GREEN LED TEST BUTTON 11 LED VOLTAGE DETECTOR The Cat. No. 514440-2 LE

23、D voltage detector shown in Figure 2 uses a lamp as the detecting device, with the lamp connected on one side to the contact terminal and on the other side to an external conducting electrode. A small gap is incorporated in series with the lamp. The extremely sensitive lamp is illuminated by a very

24、small current resulting from the capacitive effect between the internal electrode and ground. This detector operates only on grounded ac systems. The detector has a strong molded thermoplastic housing and a built-in TEST button. On recent models (identified by a green label sticker), the TEST button

25、 applies a piezo voltage to check both the lamp and the adjustment of the main spark gap. On earlier models (with a red label sticker) this test only checks the neon lamp. Figure 2: Dextex LED Voltage Detector Complete LED Type Detector with Telescopic Pole LED Type Detector Head 12 The overall oper

26、ation of the detector must be checked by at least one of the following procedures: Press the TEST button or use an external verifier. The lamps must flash. WARNING The test equipment must be held on the power line for a minimum of 3 seconds. Adjust the pole length to correspond to the system line-li

27、ne voltage. Touch the forked tip on a known live conductor at the same voltage for at least 3 seconds. The lamps must flash. A three-step procedure should be strictly observed when testing circuits: 1. Test the detector operation as described in the preceding paragraph. 2. Test the unknown line for

28、absence of voltage. 3. Test the detector again as described in the preceding paragraph. In step 2, during a routine test on grounded systems, the presence of high voltage in the detectors range causes the lamp to illuminate. The LED detector is equipped with a telescopic pole which is marked with a

29、series of rings graduated in kilovolts, indicating the minimum safe length required for each voltage range. These demarcations assist the user in adjusting the pole to the exact length required by operating conditions. 13 OPERATING CONDITIONS WARNING Keep your hands behind the guards on the poles. F

30、ollow all safety precautions for high- voltage equipment. Ground circuit before touching using a safe grounding method. WARNING The test equipment must be held on the power line for a minimum of 3 seconds. The forked terminal must touch the bare conductor under test for proper operation of the detec

31、tor for at least 3 seconds. The operating parts of the detector are enclosed in an insulated and watertight assembly which protects them from external damage and the effects of humidity. If the detector gets wet, all external surfaces should be dried before normal operations are resumed. Electronic

32、voltage detectors with Cat. No. 514360-2, 514360-3, 514360-4, 514242-1, and 514242-2 are showerproof. They are not waterproof and could be rendered inoperative if immersed. When using the detectors in rain or snow, follow all safety precautions as directed by the manufacturer of the hot line pole be

33、ing used. In particular, make sure that the hot line pole used has a wet rating at least equal to the voltage of the system under test. Also, make sure that it is clean and free from imperfections, such as cracks and chips. Do not use the electronic voltage detector equipped with the telescopic pole

34、 (Cat. No. 514360-1) or the LED voltage detector (Cat. No. 514440-2) in rain or snow. They do not have a wet rating. NOTE Cat. No. 514440-2 is not approved for use on reactors manufactured by Trench Limited. 14 15 Section 5 Description and Operation of the Detex Phasing Testers PRECAUTION Be sure to

35、 read and understand Section 2, Safety, of this manual before operating the phasing tester. ANALOG-TYPE KILOVOLT PHASING TESTERS Description These analog-type kilovolt phasing testers (Cat. No. 514500-1, 514500-2, 514500-3, and 514500-4) consist of two insulated poles each equipped with a removable

36、contact antenna and a flexible insulated cable connecting the two poles. See Figure 3. The antennas include protection resistors and must be screwed onto the pole ends before use. The antennas are not interchangeable. The detection rod and its corresponding antenna each have a red identification dot

37、. Make sure that the antenna with the red dot is screwed onto the pole with the red dot. NOTE This type of phasing detector cannot be used for single pole voltage detection. 16 Hand guards are standard on phasing testers with Cat. No. 514500-1, and 514500-2. Cat. No. 514500-3 and 514500-4 testers ha

38、ve universal spline fittings for attachment to hot line poles. These phasing testers are designed for outdoor testing of grounded and ungrounded systems. Applications for these instruments include checking high-voltage fuses, testing for correct phase connections, and testing for absence of high vol

39、tage on de-energized lines or apparatus. Note that the movement of the pointer over the calibrated scale is only an indication of the presence of voltage in the range indicated. Phasing testers are not to be used for determining the exact voltage on the line or apparatus being tested. The accuracy o

40、f the kilovolt indication is such that the nominal system voltage shown by the indicator needle can be identified (either phase to phase or phase to ground). The bandwidth covers the approximate spread of system voltages in that range. Under most circumstances the needle will fall within the appropr

41、iate band for the system under test; however, an indication outside of the bands should not necessarily be construed as a false reading. The difference between a phase-to-phase and a phase-to-ground indication is easily discernible. Figure 3: Detex Analog Type Kilovolt Phasing Tester 17 Operating Co

42、nditions - Detex Analog Voltage Detectors WARNING Keep your hands behind the guards on the poles. WARNING The test equipment must be held on the power line for a minimum of 3 seconds. CAUTION Phasing testers are constructed for intermittent use and should not be left operating on closed circuits bey

43、ond the time necessary for the tests, since the protective resistances may be damaged by prolonged operation. The forked terminal must touch the bare conductor under test for proper operation of the phasing tester for at least 3 seconds. Cat. No. 514500-1 and 514500-2 testers should not be used in r

44、ain or snow. They do not have a wet rating. Cat. No. 514500-3 and 514500-4 testers are showerproof. They are not waterproof and could be rendered inoperative if immersed. When using the phasing testers in rain or snow, care must be taken to follow all safety precautions as suggested by the manufactu

45、rer of the hot line pole being used. In particular, make sure that the hot line pole used has a wet rating at least equal to the voltage of the system under test. Also make sure that it is clean and free from imperfections such as cracks and chips. Follow all other appropriate safety precautions. Ch

46、eck operation of the testers before and after each test on a live portion of the circuit under test. Ground circuit before touching using a safe grounding method. Operation of the Cat. No. 514500-1, 514500-2, and 514500-4 testers can be checked using the self-test system. To activate the system, tou

47、ch the two contact forks together and press the test button. The meter pointer must deflect to the BATTERY TEST position. Refer to Section 7, Troubleshooting and Repair, for complete details. 18 Voltage Detection - Detex Analog Voltage Detectors WARNING The test equipment must be held on the power l

48、ine for a minimum of 3 seconds. Touch for at least 3 seconds the contact forks or hooks of the detector element pole and the auxiliary element pole to two conductors or parts to be tested. The meter will respond to the voltage between the two parts. In cases where both the detector and auxiliary ele

49、ment poles are touching different phase conductors of grounded or ungrounded systems, the meter response will be phase-to-phase voltage. If the detector element pole is touched to a conductor and the auxiliary element pole touched to the ground bus of grounded systems, the meter responds to the phase-to- ground voltage. Phase-to